their APY would be lower than stated?
its based on the previous epoch total so no
Let's say I stake 100.00 ADA at 5% APY for a year, and I do not withdraw anything. Does it mean I have 105 ADA in a year? Or if I stake the same amount, but withdraw the rewards every epoch, while never withdrawing the 100.00 ADA, does it mean my gain at the end of the year is less than 5?
the first case is true yes, but the second case not exactly how it would work as you would have transaction fees for every claim and transaction of ada so you would reduce the ada held and earned by the transactions
You may get a little more because your rewards are compounded. Check that the stake pool operator(SPO) is reliable though because not all SPOs give 5%.
On your 2nd question, everytime you withdraw rewards you incur a transaction fee so that will eat into your ~5% rewards. On Cardano, your ADA is flexible to use anytime, the rewards are calculated every epoch snapshot (every 5 days), so mainly your ADA has to be in the wallet during the end of epoch to qualify the maximum rewards.
So the second case would work exactly like that if the transaction fees could be omitted? (E.g. staking 100,000 or more ADA so the tx fees would be lower than rewards.)
You would be at a loss with transaction on that 100 being more than the reward
Second case would work if the SPO generates consistent reward throughout the year (if we are taking tx fees out of the equation). Again, the money in your wallet is flexible and not locked when staked. So you can forego “withdrawing” and just use whatever in your wallet while your unwithdrawn rewards still equates your wallet value to $100k. I hope you get what i mean.
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