to render a template file (mostly html, but could be any format). render is basically a simple wrapper around a HttpResponse which renders a template, though as said in the previous answer you can use HttpResponse to return others things as well in the response, not just rendering templates.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7301985/httpresponse-vs-render?lq=1 which is i cant fully understand,, all i know that HttpResponse to render the HTML hard coded in the app views.py https://www.tutorialspoint.com/django/django_creating_views.htm
HttpResponse does what it says. It outputs a response to a request. That response can be in the form of a rendered template, a status code, or hardcoded html.
You're already half way there. HttpResponse is an object that represents HTTP response https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec6.html while render is function that wraps it for specific purpose (rendering html). If you want more customized response (binary, xml, json .etc) with certain headers, you can directly modify HttpResponse
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